Mathematics notation is easy to incorporate into an R Markdown document. Equations, Greek letters, and symbols can be included “inline” in sections delimted by $ … $ (e.g., The mean is $ \bar{x} = 3.2 $ \(\rightarrow\) The mean is \(\bar{x} = 3.2\)). Using sections delimited by two dollar signs ($ $ … $ $) will place the mathematical notation in display-mode as a separate paragraph.
| Raw markdown | Knitted |
|---|---|
| x^y | \(x^y\) |
| x_y | \(x_y\) |
| \alpha, \mu, \sigma | \(\alpha, \mu, \sigma\) |
| \beta, \beta_0, \beta_1 | \(\beta, \beta_0, \beta_1\) |
| \bar{x} | \(\bar{x}\) |
| \hat{x} | \(\hat{x}\) |
| \sqrt{x} | \(\sqrt{x}\) |
| \sum | \(\sum\) |
| \frac{x}{y} | \(\frac{x}{y}\) |
In some situations, you want to display text and R code without evaluating the R code. This is done by placing the code inside two sets of ``` (You can see this in the .Rmd file).
This text is displayed verbatim / preformatted and $\sqrt{x}$ is not knitted.This equation $\bar{X} = \frac{1}{n} \sum X_i$ appears inline.This equation \(\bar{X} = \frac{1}{n} \sum X_i\) appears inline.
Note: in the .Rmd file you will see one code block within a set of ``` (not knitted/evaluated) and one code block without the ``` (knitted/evaluated)
This equation $$\bar{y} = \frac{1}{n} \sum y_i$$ appears in display mode (indented on its own line)This equation \[\bar{y} = \frac{1}{n} \sum y_i\] appears in display mode (indented on its own line)