A tree from the bottomlands of the central U.S. and Appalachians. Names refer to the former use of the wood as roof shingles. Leaves are deciduous, oblong-elliptical, entire to repand, and pubescent below. Twigs are to 3/16" and glabrous. Fruit is to 5/8" with the nut 1/2 enclosed in a thin bowl-shaped cap with appressed scales. Bark is broad, low ridges divided by shallow furrows.