nouns (i nomi)
Nouns in Italian can be masculine or feminine, singular or plural; there is no neuter, as in English, so even inanimate objects, concepts, animals are either masculine or feminine, usually for no apparent reason. Usually, nouns that end in "o" are masculine and form the plural with "i." And, also usually, nouns that end in "a" are feminine and form the plural with "e." Nouns that end in "e" can be masculine or feminine and form the plural with "i."
Some nouns have both masculine and feminine forms:
some nouns simply change the ending to "a" to form the feminine:
ragazzo/ragazza, amico/amica, nonno/nonna
others, especially professions/titles, change the ending to "-essa":
professore/professoressa, studente/studentessa, dottore/dottoressa, poeta/poetessa
nouns that and in "-tore" in the masculine change to "-trice" in the feminine:
pittore/pittrice, attore/attrice, autore/autrice, scrittore/scrittrice
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