• Address:
  705 Spear Street
  South Burlington, Vermont 05403
  United States of America
  
  Phone: (802) 391-4135
  Email: femc@uvm.edu
  Website: www.uvm.edu/femc

Determine the relationship between the timing of bud development at different levels in the canopy (upper, lower and regeneration).Establish a baseline for the timing and duration of bud development on hardwood trees. Annual measurements of tree phenology to establish the timing of developmental events and trends, especially as they relate to changes in weather or insect and disease occurrence.

• -72.865715, 44.525266
• -72.82626, 44.525266
• -72.82626, 44.532476
• -72.865715, 44.532476
• -72.865715, 44.525266

• Label: Year

• Description: Year that data was collected

• Storage Type: datetime

• Measurment Type: ordinal
• String Format: YYYY

• Label: Species name

• Description: Latin (scientific) name of the species

• Storage Type: text

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Label: Elevation

• Description: Elevation of sampling site

• Storage Type: int

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: foot
• Precision: 100
• Unit: foot
• Number Type: real

• Label: Sample Date

• Description: Date when sample was collected

• Storage Type: datetime

• Measurment Type: datetime
• String Format: YYYY-MM-DD

• Label: Day of Year

• Description: Day of the year

• Storage Type: datetime

• Measurment Type: ordinal
• String Format: other

• Label: Upper Canopy Development

• Description: Upper Canopy Development average of 5 trees

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ordinal

• Custom List: Upper Canopy Development Code
• Code: 0
• Definition: bud dormancy
• Code: 1
• Definition: initial bud swell, initial lengthening
• Code: 2
• Definition: bud elongation, buds grow fatter and more green
• Code: 3
• Definition: buds in green stage, scales separating
• Code: 4
• Definition: bud break, leaf tips exposed
• Code: 5
• Definition: extended bud break
• Code: 6
• Definition: initial leaf emergence
• Code: 7
• Definition: initial leaf expansion, leaves unfolding, wrinkled
• Code: 8
• Definition: full leaf expansion, flattended surface without wrinkles, may not be full size

• Label: Lower Canopy Development

• Description: Lower Canopy Developmental Stage average of 5 trees

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ordinal

• Custom List: Lower Canopy Development Code
• Code: 0
• Definition: bud dormancy
• Code: 1
• Definition: initial bud swell, initial lengthening
• Code: 2
• Definition: bud elongation, buds grow fatter and more green
• Code: 3
• Definition: buds in green stage, scales separating
• Code: 4
• Definition: bud break, leaf tips exposed
• Code: 5
• Definition: extended bud break
• Code: 6
• Definition: initial leaf emergence
• Code: 7
• Definition: initial leaf expansion, leaves unfolding, wrinkled
• Code: 8
• Definition: full leaf expansion, flattended surface without wrinkles, may not be full size

• Label: Regeneration Development Average

• Description: Regeneration Developmental Stage average of 5 saplings

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ordinal

• Custom List: Regeneration Development Stage Code
• Code: 1
• Definition: initial bud swell, initial lengthening
• Code: 2
• Definition: bud elongation, buds grow fatter and more green
• Code: 3
• Definition: buds in green stage, scales separating
• Code: 4
• Definition: bud break, leaf tips exposed
• Code: 5
• Definition: extended bud break
• Code: 6
• Definition: initial leaf emergence
• Code: 7
• Definition: initial leaf expansion, leaves unfolding, wrinkled
• Code: 8
• Definition: full leaf expansion, flattended surface without wrinkles, may not be full size

• Label: Average Developmental Stage

• Description: Average Developmental Stage of all levels and trees

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ordinal

• Recording and monitoring methods
  • Method Description: Developmental stages for sugar maple are recorded based on a published guide. Guidelines for monitoring developmental stages for other species were developed as part of this project.

• Specimens
  • Started: 1991-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Five healthy dominant or codominat trees and five saplings used as replicates.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1991-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Sugar maple monitored at Proctor Maple Research Center.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1992-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Three hardwood species (sugar maple, yellow birch and American beech) monitored at two elevations (1400 and 2200 ft.)

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1995-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Red maple and white ash added in 1995, at 1400 ft., only.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1996-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Upper elevation site discontinued.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1996-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Yellow birch and American beech monitoring discontinued in 1996.

• Visual ratings
  • Started: 1991-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Visual ratings of bud development are made twice weekly on each tree and sapling using a high powered spotting scope. Developmental stages are recorded for 10 buds per tree. Flower bud development is recorded separately from vegetative buds.

• Unnamed Method
  • Method Description: Added data collection from randomly selected regeneration of each species to compare to permanently marked regen. Plan is to replace the permanently marked regen with random sampling in the future.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 2003-04-01
    
  • Method Description: Only sugar maple trees are monitored; discontinued red maple and white ash.

• Developmental ratings
  • Started: 1991-04-01
    Ended: 1994-06-15
    
  • Method Description: Upper and lower canopy developmental ratings recorded separately.

• Spotting scope
• Started: 1992-04-01
  
• Sampling Description: 45 X spotting scope. Photographic Guide as standard.