Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Cooperative

Characterization of groundwater recharge and flow in a Vermont upland watershed using stable isotope tracing techniques.: O18 in Precipitation Meltwater and Groundwater

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Metadata Provider

  • Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Cooperative

    • Address:
      705 Spear Street
      South Burlington, Vermont 05403
      United States of America

      Phone: (802) 391-4135
      Email: femc@uvm.edu
      Website: www.uvm.edu/femc

Abstract

    Characterize groundwater recharge and flow in the upland portion of the Browns River basin in northwestern Vermont using measurements of stable oxygen isotopes in precipitation (rain and snow) and groundwater (wells).

People

  • Michael Abbott: Principal Investigator

Keywords

  • groundwater, hydrological properties, isotopes, oxygen,

Organizations

  • United States Geological Survey (USGS) : funder
  • University of Vermont : partner

Geographic Coverage

  • Coordinates
    • -72.84166667, 44.5071
    • -72.82073333, 44.5071
    • -72.82073333, 44.54358333
    • -72.84166667, 44.54358333
    • -72.84166667, 44.5071

Data Table

  • Title: O18 in Precipitation Meltwater and Groundwater
  • Start Date: 1995-06-01
  • End Date: 1996-12-01
  • Description: Measurement of O-18 from 1000 precipitation and groundwater samples.

  • Purpose: To characterize groundwater recharge and flow in the upland portion of the Browns River basin in northwestern Vermont using O-18 from groundwater and precipitation samples.

  • Condensed Title: Z0024_O18PrecMeltGround

  • Object Name: VMC.24.26

  • Data Type: mySQL
  • Citation: Michael Abbott. 1996. O18 in Precipitation Meltwater and Groundwater. FEMC. https://www.uvm.edu/femc/data/archive/project/characterization-groundwater-recharge-flow-vermont-upland/dataset/o18-precipitation-meltwater-groundwater

  • Online Distribution: https://www.uvm.edu/femc/data/archive/project/characterization-groundwater-recharge-flow-vermont-upland/dataset/o18-precipitation-meltwater-groundwater

Attribute List

    Attribute Name: Round
    • Label: Round
    • Description: Unique round ID
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: Date
    • Label: Date
    • Description: Date
    • Storage Type: datetime
    • Measurment Type: datetime
    • String Format: YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
    Attribute Name: P1 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 1
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: C1 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 1
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P2 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 2
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P3 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 3
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P4 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 4
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: M4 (Melt)
    • Label: Melt Measurement at Site 4
    • Description: O-18 Melt measurement at site 4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: C4 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 4
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P6 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 6
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: M6 (Melt)
    • Label: Melt Measurement at Site 6
    • Description: O-18 Melt measurement at site 6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: C6 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 6
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: CC6 (Pack)
    • Label: Pack Measurement at Site 6
    • Description: O-18 Pack measurement at site 6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P7 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 7
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 7
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: M7 (Melt)
    • Label: Melt Measuremet at Site 7
    • Description: O-18 Melt measuremet at site 7
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: C7 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 7
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 7
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P8 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 8
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 8
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: M8 (Melt)
    • Label: Melt Measurement at Site 8
    • Description: O-18 Melt measurement at site 8
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
    Attribute Name: C8 (Snow)
    • Label: Snow Measurement at Site 8
    • Description: O-18 Snow measurement at site 8
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: CC8 (Pack)
    • Label: Pack Measurement at Site 8
    • Description: O-18 Pack measurement at site 8
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: P9 (Rain)
    • Label: Rain Measurement at Site 9
    • Description: O-18 Rain measurement at site 9
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW1
    • Label: Groundwater Well 1
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW2
    • Label: Groundwater Well 2
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW3
    • Label: Groundwater Well 3
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW4
    • Label: Groundwater Well 4
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW5
    • Label: Groundwater Well 5
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW6
    • Label: Groundwater Well 6
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW7
    • Label: Groundwater Well 7
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 7
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW7b
    • Label: Groundwater Well 7b
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 7b
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
    Attribute Name: GW8
    • Label: Groundwater Well 8
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 8
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100
    Attribute Name: GW9
    • Label: Groundwater Well 9
    • Description: O-18 Groundwater well 9
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    • Standard Unit: percent
    • Precision: 0.001
    • Unit: percent
    • Number Type: real
      • Bounds:
      • Minimum: 0
      • Maximum: 100

Methods

  • Past Methods (no longer in use)
    • Recharge sampling
      • Started: 1995-06-01
        Ended: 1996-12-31
      • Method Description: Precipitation samples collected weekly from 16 stations in the area are used to monitor isotopic composition of recharge to groundwater. Water samples are measured for delta 18 O composition.

    • Oxygen isotopic composition sampling
      • Started: 1995-06-01
        Ended: 1996-12-31
      • Method Description: Eight wells are sampled and analyzed for delta 18 O composition. Continued isotopic analysis of groundwater samples provides a means for detecting the altitudinal and seasonal isotope signatures in the bedrock groundwater system to compare with precipitation signitures. This information is used to identify upper elevation areas of recharge and determine travel rates from the recharge zones to lower elevations.

    • Oxygen isotopic analysis
      • Started: 1995-06-01
        Ended: 1996-12-31
      • Method Description: Over 1000 samples were collected for oxygen isotopic composition and analyzed at the University of Vermont's Stable Isotope lab.
      • Instrumentation: VG SIRA Series II Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer
      • Quality Control Measures: Normalized to values obtained for standards

Sampling Equipment

  • No sampling equipment recorded for this dataset

Site Characteristics

  • Site Description: Uppermost basin of the Browns River including the slopes of Mt Mansfield. Stations at summit, Stevensville Brook and Browns River headwaters. Five sampling points on State Forest and UVM Natural Area, 3 additional sites in the VMC area on private lands. Additional sites throughout the basin.